Perovskite refers to materials with an ABX3 crystal structure. Perovskite as an active layer in solar cells began in 2009 when Miyasaka et al. utilized it as a sensitizer for TiO2 nanoparticles in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC). Using CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) perovskite, they achieved a solar cell efficiency of 3.8%. This discovery sparked significant interest among...